Because the PVS is exclusively directed at the veins, harm to non-venous delicate tissues is avoided. Tissues like nerve, artery and lymphatic vessels are spared. Given that June 1988 we have made use of the PVS method as outpatient surgical procedure under local anaesthesia. Neither electrosurgery nor a suction apparatus https://www.sgvascularctr.com/understanding-venous-leak-treatment-in-singapore/